“there+谓语”句型中可否省略“there+谓语”
2025-01-10 20:46:52 学考宝 作者：佚名
问题描述
And now this death of a young woman by whom the world had remained shocked from the moment she first appeared before it, whose name contained the shadow of her end: Princess Di.
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请问老师，这句话是省略了“there has come”的存在句吗？原型是这样吗：“And now there has come this death of a young woman ...”在什么情况下可以省略“there+谓语”？
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Nothing to worry about.是属于这个结构吗？原型是这样吗：There is nothing to worry about.
老师答疑
曹老师：
这段话出自一个阅读试题，短文是关于戴安娜的。包含这句话的自然段如下：
The sudden death of an admired public person always seems an impossibility. People ascribe invulnerability, near immortality to our centers of attention. John Kennedy dies, and it could not happen. John Lennon dies, and it could not happen. Elvis, and Grace Kelly, and shock after shock. And now this death of a young woman by whom the world had remained transfixed from the moment she first appeared before it, whose name contained the shadow of her end: Princess Di.
你的理解基本正确。这个句子是一个名词结构后接两个定语从句。肯定是省略句。但省略了什么呢？我们分析前文：前文提到了Kennedy dies, Lennon dies, Elvis, and Grace Kelly后面承前省略了dies. 此句名词短语的中心词是death，谓语不可能是die. 前文提到每个名人的意外去世都引起世人的震惊，认为不可能发生。接着，戴安娜突然离世，人们的震惊可想而知。戴安娜的去世作为新的信息，由there存在句引出是合理的，因此可以认为此句是省略了there存在句的there+谓语。不过省略的是there came而不是there has come. now在这里是then的意思，指一个确切的过去时间。第一个定语从句谓语动词用过去完成时态也是一个反证。此句的省略是基于前文的铺垫，不是任意的。
Nothing to woory about.确实是There is nothing to worry about的省略形式。但这是口语的惯用法，和上句的省略显然不是同一个原因。
刘老师：
And now this death of a young woman by whom the world had remained shocked from the moment she first appeared before it, whose name contained the shadow of her end: Princess Di.
请问老师，这句话是省略了“there has come”的存在句吗？原型是这样吗：“And now there has come this death of a young woman ...”在什么情况下可以省略“there+谓语”？
Nothing to worry about.是属于这个结构吗？原型是这样吗：There is nothing to worry about.
【翻译】现在传来一位年轻女子死亡的这个消息，从她第一次公开亮相的那一刻起就一直令全世界感到震撼，她的名字隐含着她归宿的阴影。（注：黛安娜的昵称叫Di，与die“死亡”谐音。）
这不是一个完整的句子，缺少谓语。在主语this death之前，可以理解为省略了there has come。
【句子成分分析】
1. 句子主干：there has come this death of a young woman：传来了一位年轻女子死亡的消息。这样补充后，就成了“There + 不及物动词 + 主语” 结构。
2. 定语从句：by whom the world had remained shocked from the moment she first appeared before it，修饰a young woman。介词by + whom 提前，正常语序为：the world had remained（=been） shocked by whom：全世界因她而一直感到震撼。
3. from the moment she first appeared before it：介词短语表示时间，“从...那一刻起”。里面又包含一个定语从句：she first appeared before it（= the world），修饰the moment。
4. whose name contained the shadow of her end: Princess Di：非限制性定语从句，也是修饰修饰a young woman。可以单独翻译成一句。
此外，关于Nothing to worry about.不一定就是There is nothing to worry about.的省略。这要根据上下文判断，也可能是：You/We have nothing to worry about.
